Saudi Arabia is a country located on the Arabian Peninsula in the Middle East. It is bordered by Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Yemen, with coastlines along the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. Riyadh is its capital and largest city. The nation is known for its vast desert landscapes, significant oil reserves, and its role as the birthplace of Islam, home to the two holiest cities of the religion: Mecca and Medina.