Large language models are advanced artificial intelligence systems designed to understand, generate, and manipulate human language. They are trained on vast amounts of text data using machine learning techniques—especially deep learning architectures like transformers—to learn patterns, grammar, semantics, and contextual relationships between words. This allows them to perform a wide range of language-related tasks, such as answering questions, writing text, summarizing information, translating languages, and engaging in conversation. Their “large” designation refers to the immense number of parameters and the scale of the data used in training.