dandelion++

Dandelion++ is a network-layer privacy protocol designed to improve the anonymity of cryptocurrency transactions. It works by obscuring the origin of a transaction before it is broadcast to the network. Instead of sending a transaction directly to all peers, Dandelion++ first routes it through a randomly selected path (the "stem" phase) before diffusing it to the whole network (the "fluff" phase). This mechanism helps make it more difficult for observers to link specific transactions to the originating IP addresses, thereby enhancing user privacy and resistance to network-level surveillance.